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GFCI protection, or Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter protection, is essential in specific areas within a home due to their increased risk of electrical shock. The National Electrical Code (NEC) mandates the installation of GFCI protection in kitchens, bathrooms, and outdoor areas.

In kitchens, GFCI outlets should be installed near sinks and other areas where water and electricity may come into contact, as the likelihood of grounding faults is higher in these wet environments. Similarly, bathrooms are also considered high-risk zones for electrical shock due to the presence of water, making GFCI protection crucial to ensure user safety. Outdoor areas are at risk as well, since exposure to rain or damp conditions can create hazardous situations when using electrical equipment or devices.

By integrating GFCI protection in all these areas, the NEC aims to minimize the risk of electrical shock, enhancing safety for both homeowners and their guests. Thus, the necessity of GFCI installation in kitchens, bathrooms, and outdoor locations is thoroughly supported by the NEC guidelines, making "all of the above" the correct answer.